Publications - Carbosensing group @SEU

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<li><a name="2025-acie-qj" id="2025-acie-qj"></a>Jibo Qin, Jianchi Zhou, Jin Ma, Shuang Li, Awu Zhou, Linhua Xie, Yibo Dou\*, Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Breaking Symmetry of Active Sites in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Valorization of Polyester Plastics", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2025, 64, e202505786. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202505786"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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[Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1yhrZuiNqE_yVRSKSsuZxA">Nanozyme公众号：不对称金属位点纳米酶用于聚酯塑料的化学回收</a>]
<blockquote>A feasible asymmetric ligand substitution strategy is developed to break symmetric sites on metal-organic frameworks. The obtained defective MIL-101 as nanozyme featured with asymmetric Fe3-δ/Fe3+ sites exhibit high performance for photocatalytic depolymerization of polyester plastics.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2025-cr-cs" id="2025-cr-cs"></a>Jinming Xu, Ran Chen\*, Juanxian Song, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen and Yuanjian Zhang, "Emerging Techniques and Scenarios of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for the Characterization of Electrocatalytic Reactions", Chem. Sci. 2025, 16, 9564-9576. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D5SC01854D"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [**Invited Perspective for** <a href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/journals/articlecollectionlanding?sercode=sc&themeid=bbdbaa20-a0d5-4ffa-8f7d-09642bf6fcd5">**15th anniversary: Chemical Science community collection**</a>]
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<blockquote>To fulfill the evergrowing energy consumption demands and the pursuit of sustainable and renewable energy, electrocatalytic reactions such as water electrocatalysis, O2 reduction, N2 reduction (NRR), CO2 reduction (CO2RR), etc., have drawn a lot of attention. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a powerful technique for in-situ surface characterization, providing critical information about the local reactivity of electrocatalysts and unveiling key information about the reaction mechanisms, which are essential for the rational design of novel electrocatalysts.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2025-wy-jacs" id="2025-wy-jacs"></a>Yu Wang‡, Sijia Zhou‡, Yongjun Zheng‡, Yongji Wang‡, Yuhua Hou, Kaiqing Wu, Chaofeng Huang, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, Ran Chen\*, Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Measurements of Local pH Gradients for Electrocatalysts in Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Electrochemiluminescence", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 19380–19390. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c04896"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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[Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/PLMp5vfjoOJ96DCqhiiCdQ">X-Mol: 原位实时检测电催化析氧反应局部质子梯度浓度的新方法</a> & <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/osKicOUPKS0KreOBiIU22g">eChemStore: 电化学发光技术实时监测析氧反应局域 pH 梯度 </a>]
<blockquote>A highly stable electrochemiluminescence emitter for pH detection was proposed based on carbon nitrides by grafting, a well-developed concept for plant propagation since 500 BCE. It enabled sub-millisecond resolution measurement of local pH gradients for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts, revealed critical evidence of proton accumulation-induced catalyst degradation, and identified the apparent OER rate constant as a quantitative descriptor of reaction kinetics.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2025-HJY-acie" id="2025-HJY-acie"></a>Tianyi Huang‡, Jianyu Han‡\*, Zhongqiu Li, Yixin Hong, Xiaofei Gu, Yafeng wu, Yuanjian Zhang\*, Songqin Liu\*, "Unraveling the Essential Role of Consecutive Protonation Steps in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction when Using Au Nanorods in a MOF", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2025, 64, e202500269. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202500269"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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<blockquote>The integration of Au nanorods not only improves the selectivity and production rate of the photocatalytic CO2 reduction but also provides crucial insights into the pivotal role of protonation steps and reaction intermediates, particularly highlighting the rate-determining \*CO to \*CHO conversion.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2025-ccl-zty" id="2025-ccl-zty"></a>Sijia Zhou‡, Tianyi Zhou‡, Yuhua Hou‡, Wang Li, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, Kaiqing Wu\*, Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Recent advances in electrochemiluminescence based on polymeric luminophores**", Chin. Chem. Lett. 2025, 36, 110284. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110284"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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<blockquote>Developing efficient, non-toxic, and low-cost emitters is a key issue in promoting the applications of electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Among varied ECL emitters, polymeric emitters are attracting dramatically increasing interest due to tunable structure, large surface area, brilliant transfer capability, and sustainable raw materials. In this review, we present a general overview of recent advances in developing polymeric luminophores, including their structural and synthetic methodologies. Methods rooted in straightforward unique structural modulation have been comprehensively summarized, aiming at enhancing the efficiency of ECL along with the underlying kinetic mechanisms. Moreover, as several conjugated polymers were just discovered in recent years, promising prospects and perspectives have also been deliberated. The insight of this review may provide a new avenue for helping develop advanced conjugated polymer ECL emitters and decode ECL applications.
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<li><a name="2024-ccl-wy" id="2024-ccl-wy"></a>Ying Wang‡, Hong Yang‡, Caixia Zhu‡, Qing Hong, Xuwen Cao, Kaiyuan Wang, Yuan Xu, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Cascading oxidoreductases-like nanozymes for high selective and sensitive fluorescent detection of ascorbic acid", Chin. Chem. Lett. 2025, 36, 110153. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110153"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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<blockquote>Based on the oxidase-like N-doped carbon nanocages (NC) and peroxidase-like copper oxide (CuO), a cascade fluorescent biosensor for ascorbic acid was reported with high selectivity and sensitivity.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-ccl-zty" id="2024-ccl-zty"></a>Zhixin Zhou‡, Bing Han‡, Yu Wang, Nina Lin, Zhongqiu Zhou, Yuan Zhang, Ying Bai, Ling Shen, Yanfei Shen, Yuanjian Zhang\*, Honghong Yao\*, "**Fast and sensitive multivalent spatial pattern-recognition for circular RNA detection**", Nature Commun. 2024, 15, 10900. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55364-x"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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<blockquote>While circular RNAs (circRNAs) exhibit lower abundance compared to corresponding linear RNAs, they demonstrate potent biological functions. Nevertheless, challenges arise from the low concentration and distinctive structural features of circRNAs, rendering existing methods operationally intricate and less sensitive. Here, we engineer an intelligent tetrahedral DNA framework (TDF) possessing precise spatial pattern-recognition properties with exceptional sensing speed and sensitivity for circRNAs. The signal output of TDF sensor occurs only when multivalent spatial pattern-recognition of a circRNA in unamplified samples. Using this sensor, we visualize the real-time response of endogenous circRNA expression in vitro neuronal cells and in vivo brain between pre-stroke and post-stroke male mice, identify the patients with acute ischemic stroke in clinical samples, as well as track the delivery of circRNA in photochromic stroked animal model. Thus, the TDF sensor provides a fast and sensitive tool for the detection of circRNA abundance in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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<li><a name="2024-jacs-lnn" id="2024-jacs-lnn"></a>Nina Lin, Yu Ouyang, Yunlong Qin, Ola Karmi, Yang Sung Sohn, Songqin Liu, Rachel Nechushtai, Yuanjian Zhang\*, Itamar Willner\*, and Zhixin Zhou\*, "Spatially Localized Entropy-Driven Evolution of Nucleic Acid-Based Constitutional Dynamic Networks for Intracellular Imaging and Spatiotemporal Programmable Gene Therapy", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 20685. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c03651"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
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<blockquote>The primer-guided entropy-driven high-throughput evolution of the DNA-based constitutional dynamic network, CDN, is introduced. The entropy gain associated with the process provides a catalytic principle for the amplified emergence of the CDN. The concept is applied to develop a programmable, spatially localized DNA circuit for effective in vitro and in vivo theranostic, gene-regulated treatment of cancer cells. The localized circuit consists of a DNA tetrahedron core modified at its corners with four tethers that include encoded base sequences exhibiting the capacity to emerge and assemble into a [2 × 2] CDN. Two of the tethers are caged by a pair of siRNA subunits, blocking the circuit into a mute, dynamically inactive configuration. In the presence of miRNA-21 as primer, the siRNA subunits are displaced, resulting in amplified release of the siRNAs silencing the HIF-1α mRNA and fast dynamic reconfiguration of the tethers into a CDN. The resulting CDN is, however, engineered to be dynamically reconfigured by miRNA-155 into an equilibrated mixture enriched with a DNAzyme component, catalyzing the cleavage of EGR-1 mRNA. The DNA tetrahedron nanostructure stimulates enhanced permeation into cancer cells. The miRNA-triggered entropy-driven reconfiguration of the spatially localized circuit leads to the programmable, cooperative bis-gene-silencing of HIF-1α and EGR-1 mRNAs, resulting in the effective and selective apoptosis of breast cancer cells and effective inhibition of tumors in tumor bearing mice.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-nc-wky" id="2024-nc-wky"></a>Kaiyuan Wang, Qing Hong, Cai Zhu,Yuan Xu, Wang Li, Wenhao Chen, Xiang Gu, Xinghua Chen, Yanfeng Fang, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Metal-ligand dual-site SAzyme with uricase-like mechanism for specific uric acid oxidation", Nat. Commun. 2024, 15, 5705. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50123-4"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-88vng">ChemRxiv, 18 December 2023</a>] [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/PLMp5vfjoOJ96DCqhiiCdQ">研之成理</a> & <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/osKicOUPKS0KreOBiIU22g">X-Mol</a>公众号"高底物特异性的金属-配位双位点单原子尿酸氧化纳米酶"]
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<blockquote>In nature, coenzyme-independent oxidases have evolved in selective catalysis using isolated substrate-binding pockets. Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes), an emerging type of non-protein artificial enzymes, are promising to simulate enzyme active centers, but owing to the lack of recognition sites, realizing substrate specificity is a formidable task. Here we report a metal-ligand dual-site SAzyme (Ni-DAB) that exhibited selectivity in uric acid (UA) oxidation. Ni-DAB mimics the dual-site catalytic mechanism of urate oxidase, in which the Ni metal center and the C atom in the ligand serve as the specific UA and O2 binding sites, respectively, characterized by synchrotron soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and isotope labeling. The theoretical calculations reveal the high catalytic specificity is derived from not only the delicate interaction between UA and the Ni center but also the complementary oxygen reduction at the beta C site in the ligand. As a potential application, a Ni-DAB-based biofuel cell using human urine is constructed. This work unlocks an approach of enzyme-like isolated dual sites in boosting the selectivity of non-protein artificial enzymes.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-jacs-mj" id="2024-jacs-mj"></a>Jin Ma‡, Cheng Peng‡, Xiaoxiao Peng, Sicheng Liang, Zhixin Zhou, Kaiqing Wu, Ran Chen, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen\*, Haibo Ma\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "H2O2 Photosynthesis from H2O and O2 under Weak Light by Carbon Nitrides with Piezoelectric Effect", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 21147. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c07170"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-tbzmh">[ChemRxiv, 27 December 2023]</a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/FeIG6gNVn4FbixrUpJyTiA">邃瞳科学云公众号</a> & <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_PqvpJffL0UZaxzuyMm27Q">研之成理公众号</a>"压电效应促进氮化碳\*OH途径弱光催化合成H₂O₂和光声肿瘤治疗等应用"]
<img src="/usr/img/2024-jacs-mj.webp" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Driven by the essential need of a green, safe, and low-cost approach to producing H2O2, a highly valuable multifunctional chemical, artificial photosynthesis emerges as a promising avenue. However, current catalyst systems remain challenging, due to the need of high-density sunlight, poor selectivity/activity, or/and unfavorable thermodynamics. Here, we reported that an indirect 2e- water oxidation reaction (WOR) in photocatalytic H2O2 production was unusually activated by C5N2 with piezoelectric effects. Under ultrasonication, C5N2 exhibited an overall H2O2 photosynthesis rate of 918.4 µM/h and an exceptionally high solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 2.6% after calibration under weak light (0.1 sun). Mechanism studies showed the piezoelectric effect of carbon nitride overcame the high uphill thermodynamics of \*OH intermediate generation, which opened a new pathway for 2e- WOR, the kinetic limiting step in the overall H2O2 production from H2O and O2. Benefiting from the high efficiency of photocatalytic H2O2 production under weak light, the concept was further successfully adapted to biomedical applications in efficient sono-photo-chemodynamic therapy of tumors.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-acie-xy" id="2024-acie-xy"></a>Yuan Xu, Yuanjie Ma, Xinghua Chen, Kaiqing Wu, Kaiyuan Wang, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, Xuejiao Gao\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Regulating Reactive Oxygen Intermediates of Fe–N–C SAzyme via Second-Shell Coordination for Selective Aerobic Oxidation Reactions", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, 63, e202408935 (**Hot Paper**). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202408935"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Os0bEoHl3-pun2JlgJna8A">纳米酶公众号</a> & <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hJb_8JqjJ3Odjs-Neig6OA">X-MOL公众号</a>"调控Fe–N–C第二配位层揭示活性氧中间体用于选择性需氧氧化反应"]
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<blockquote>Learning from the refined structures of cytochromes P450 with tetrapyrrolic FeN4 active sites and sulfur-containing ligand, we report Fe–N–C SAzyme with tunable second-shell sulfur-functionalization could regulate ROS production pathways. It was disclosed such functionalization enhanced electron transfer from active sites in Fe–N–C to the key intermediate \*OOH, thereby determining the type of ROS in aerobic reactions.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-nc-fyf" id="2024-nc-fyf"></a>Yanfeng Fang‡, Hong Yang‡, Yuhua Hou, Wang Li, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Timescale correlation of shallow trap states increases electrochemiluminescence efficiency in carbon nitrides", Nat. Commun. 2024, 15, 3597. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48011-y"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/9qKGcw9rbZn5UQwVeeyEpw">Highlighted by X-Mol-"利用时间尺度调控策略提高氮化碳的电化学发光效率"</a>]
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<blockquote>Differences in timescales of electron transfer reactions limit efficiency of electrochemiluminescence. Here, the authors coordinate the timescales using shallow trap states in carbon nitride to achieve high efficiencies applied in nitrite sensing.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-nl-wk" id="2024-nl-wk"></a>Linru Guo‡, Yida Han‡, Hong Yang‡, Jie Fu, Wang Li, Ran Xie\*, Yuanjian Zhang\*, Kang Wang\*, and Xing-Hua Xia, "Single-Molecule Discrimination of Saccharides Using Carbon Nitride Nanopores", Nano Lett. 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01223. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01223"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
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<blockquote>Structural complexity brings a huge challenge to the analysis of sugar chains. As a single-molecule sensor, nanopores have the potential to provide fingerprint information on saccharides. Traditionally, direct single-molecule saccharide detection with nanopores is hampered by their small size and weak affinity. Here, a carbon nitride nanopore device is developed to discern two types of trisaccharide molecules (LeApN and SLeCpN) with minor structural differences. The resolution of LeApN and SLeCpN in the mixture reaches 0.98, which has never been achieved in solid-state nanopores so far. Monosaccharide (GlcNAcpN) and disaccharide (LacNAcpN) can also be discriminated using this system, indicating that the versatile carbon nitride nanopores possess a monosaccharide-level resolution. This study demonstrates that the carbon nitride nanopores have the potential for conducting structure analysis on single-molecule saccharides.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2024-CCL-zcx" id="2024-CCL-zcx"></a>Caixia Zhu, Qing Hong, Kaiyuan Wang, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Single nanozyme-based colorimetric biosensor for dopamine with enhanced selectivity via reactivity of oxidation intermediates", Chin. Chem. Lett. 2024, 35, 109560. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109560"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_-MKOhASxbj0Uu1XGkqQ9w">Highlighted by CCL公众号-"基于中间体反应特性实现单一纳米酶级联高选择性比色传感"</a>]
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<blockquote>Based on the reactivity of dopamine (DA) oxidation intermediates, a cascade colorimetric sensing system for DA was reported with a high reaction selectivity using only a single nanozyme.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023SCC-Xu" id="2023SCC-Xu"></a>Yuan Xu, Zhixin Zhou, Nankai Deng, Kangchun Fu, Caixia Zhu, Qing Hong, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Molecular Insights of Nanozymes from Design to Catalytic Mechanism**", Sci. China Chem. 2023, 66, 1318-1335. <a href="https://www.sciengine.com/SCC/doi/10.1007/s11426-022-1529-y"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/46W2cU_OeNVmzk6YDwiWwg">中国科学化学</a> & <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ZJUtwomQCT-1qc1f1y8lRw">纳米酶</a> -- **从分子视角审视纳米酶设计和催化机制**][[Science China Chemistry 2025年优秀论文](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MBTcPW7tyAb7wEBg-VIzGg "[Science China Chemistry 2025年优秀论文")]
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<blockquote>Emerging as cost-effective potential alternatives to natural enzymes, nanozymes have attracted increasing interest in broad fields. To exploit the in-depth potential of nanozymes, rational structural engineering and explicit catalytic mechanisms at the molecular scale are required. Recently, impressive progress has been made in mimicking the characteristics of natural enzymes by constructing metal active sites, binding pockets, scaffolds, and delicate allosteric regulation. Ingenious in-depth studies have been conducted with advances in structural characterization and theoretical calculations, unveiling the “black box” of nanozyme catalytic mechanisms. This review introduces the state-of-art synthesis strategies by learning from the natural enzyme counterparts and summarizes the general overview of the nanozyme mechanism with a particular emphasis on the adsorbed intermediates and descriptors that predict nanozyme activity. The emerging activity assessment methodology that illustrates the relationship between electrochemical oxygen reduction and enzymatic oxygen reduction is discussed with up-to-date advances. Future opportunities and challenges are presented in the end to spark more profound work and attract more researchers from various backgrounds to the flourishing field of nanozyme.
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<li><a name="2023-BB-Wu" id="2023-BB-Wu"></a>Kaiqing Wu‡, Yongjun Zheng‡, Ran Chen, Zhixin Zhou\*, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Advances in electrochemiluminescence luminophores based on small organic molecules for biosensing**", Biosens. Bioelectron. 2023, 223, 115031.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2022.115031"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
<blockquote>Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has several advantages, such as a near-zero background signal, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, simplicity, and is widely used for sensing, imaging, and single cell analysis. ECL luminophores are the key factors in the performance of various applications. Among various luminophores, small organic luminophores exhibit many intriguing features including good biocompatibility, facile modification, well-defined molecular structure, and sustainable raw materials, making small organic luminophores attractive for the use in the ECL field. Although many great achievements have been made in the synthesis of new small organic luminophores, solving various challenges, and expanding new applications, there are almost no comprehensive reviews on small organic ECL luminophores. In this review, we briefly introduce the advantages and emission mechanisms of small organic ECL luminophores, summarize the main types, molecular characteristics, and ECL properties of most existing small organic ECL luminophores, and present the important applications and design principles in sensors, imaging, single cell analysis, sterilization, and other fields. Finally, the challenges and outlook of organic ECL luminophores to be popularized in biosensing applications are also discussed.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-MH-Chen" id="2023-MH-Chen"></a>Ran Chen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**A nanoelectrode-based study of water splitting electrocatalysts**", Mater. Horiz. 2023, 10, 52-64 (Review article)<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MH01143C"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
[<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wCGUq4vA9gFF1_ICF1gmBw">Highlighted by Mat+ "纳米电极助力水分解电催化剂的研究"</a>]
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<blockquote>The development of low-cost and efficient catalytic materials for key reactions like water splitting, CO2 reduction and N2 reduction is crucial for fulfilling the growing energy consumption demands and the pursuit of renewable and sustainable energy. Conventional electrochemical measurements at the macroscale lack the potential to characterize single catalytic entities and nanoscale surface features on the surface of a catalytic material. Recently, promising results have been obtained using nanoelectrodes as ultra-small platforms for the study of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on innovative catalytic materials at the nanoscale. In this minireview, we summarize the recent progress in the nanoelectrode-based studies on the HER and OER on various nanostructured catalytic materials. These electrocatalysts can be generally categorized into two groups: 0-dimensional (0D) single atom/molecule/cluster/nanoparticles and 2-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. Controlled growth as well as the electrochemical characterization of single isolated atoms, molecules, clusters and nanoparticles has been achieved on nanoelectrodes. Moreover, nanoelectrodes greatly enhanced the spatial resolution of scanning probe techniques, which enable studies at the surface features of 2D nanomaterials, including surface defects, edges and nanofacets at the boundary of a phase. Nanoelectrode-based studies on the catalytic materials can provide new insights into the reaction mechanisms and catalytic properties, which will facilitate the pursuit of sustainable energy and help to solve CO2 release issues.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-nh" id="2023-nh"></a>Jinlan Wang\*, Yuanjian Zhang\*, Seeram Ramakrishna\* and Guihua Yu\*, "**Introduction to new horizons in materials for energy conversion, optics and electronics**", Nanoscale Horiz. 2023, 8, 714-715. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NH90015K"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
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<blockquote>In conjunction with the Emerging Investigator Forum celebrating **the 120th anniversary of Southeast University**, we herein present a collection of articles focused on the energy conversion, optics, and electronics applications of (nano)materials.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-CCL" id="2023-CCL"></a>Jin Ma, Xiaoxiao Peng, Zhixin Zhou\*, Yanfei Shen\*, Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Molecular engineering of carbon nitrides for overall photosynthesis of H2O2**", Chin. Chem. Lett. 2023, 34, 108784. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108784"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
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<blockquote>This highlight reviews the rational design of polymeric carbon nitrides and reaction pathways for overall photocatalytic H2O2 production and their emerging applications beyond energy and environment.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-ac-zcx" id="2023-ac-zcx"></a>Caixia Zhu, Hong Yang, Xuwen Cao, Qing Hong, Yuan Xu, Kaiyuan Wang, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Decoupling of the Confused Complex in Oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine for the Reliable Chromogenic Bioassay", Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 16407–16417. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03998"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ZlcA1AOmLy7pnw5IyraUMg">Highlighted by 纳米酶公众号-"基于胶束解耦混沌络合物策略提升比色传感可靠性"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-ac-zcx.webp" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Regulation of the reaction pathways is a perennial theme in the field of chemistry. As a typical chromogenic substrate, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) generally undertakes one-electron oxidation, but the product (TMBox1) is essentially a confused complex and is unstable, which significantly hampers the clinic chromogenic bioassays for more than 50 years. Herein, we report that sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-based micelles could drive the direct two-electron oxidation of TMB to the final stable TMBox2. Rather than activation of H2O2 oxidant in the one-electron TMB oxidation by common natural peroxidase, activation of the TMB substrate by SDS micelles decoupled the thermodynamically favorable complex between TMBox2 with unreacted TMB, leading to an unusual direct two-electron oxidation pathway. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the complementary spatial and electrostatic isolation effects, caused by the confined hydrophobic cavities and negatively charged outer surfaces of SDS micelles, were crucial. Further cascading with glucose oxidase, as a proof-of-concept application, allowed glucose to be more reliably measured, even in a broader range of concentrations without any conventional strong acid termination.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-ac-lw" id="2023-ac-lw"></a>Wang Li‡, Mingming Zhang‡, Dan Han, Hong Yang, Qing Hong, Yanfeng Fang, Zhixin Zhou, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, Chaofeng Huang\*, Haibin Zhu\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Carbon Nitride-Based Heterojunction Photoelectrodes with Modulable Charge-Transfer Pathways toward Selective Biosensing", Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 13716–13724. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03221"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
[Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/gxASmu4-zXWZbZbfa8ckag">x-mol -- **调控光电极电荷迁移途径提高生物传感选择性**</a> ]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-ac-lw.webp" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing enables the rapid, accurate, and highly sensitive detection of biologically important chemicals. However, achieving high selectivity without external biological elements remains a challenge because the PEC reactions inherently have poor selectivity. Herein, we report a strategy to address this problem by regulating the charge-transfer pathways using polymeric carbon nitride (pCN)-based heterojunction photoelectrodes. Interestingly, because of redox reactions at different semiconductor/electrolyte interfaces with specific charge-transfer pathways, each analyte demonstrated a unique combination of photocurrent-change polarity. Based on this principle, a pCN-based PEC sensor for the highly selective sensing of ascorbic acid in serum against typical interferences, such as dopamine, glutathione, epinephrine, and citric acid was successfully developed. This study sheds light on a general PEC sensing strategy with high selectivity without biorecognition units by engineering charge-transfer pathways in heterojunctions on photoelectrodes.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-cs-zcx" id="2023-cs-zcx"></a>Caixia Zhu, Zhixin Zhou, Xuejiao Gao, Yanhong Tao, Xuwen Cao, Yuan Xu, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Cascade Nanozymatic Network Mimicking Cells with Selective and Linear Perception of H2O2", Chem. Sci. 2023, 14, 6780-6791. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC01714A"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/yYV72GfoAYH5pVG7qv2j-Q">x-mol -- **纳米酶反应网络模拟细胞智能感知过氧化氢**</a> ]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-cs-zcx.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Single stimulus leading to multiple responses is an essential function of many biological networks, which enable complex life activities. However, it is challenging to duplicate a similar chemical reaction network (CRN) using non-living chemicals, aiming at the disclosure of the origin of life. Herein, we report a nanozymes-based CRN with feedback and feedforward functions for the first time. It demonstrates multiple responses at different modes and intensities upon a single H2O2 stimulus. In a two-electron cascade oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), the endogenous product H2O2 competitively inhibited substrates in the first one-electron oxidation reaction on a single-atom nanozyme (Co-N-CNTs), and strikingly accelerated the second one-electron oxidation reaction under a micellar nanozyme. As a proof-of-concept, we further confined the nanozymatic network to a microfluidic chip as a simplified artificial cell. It exhibited remarkable selectivity and linearity in perception of H2O2 stimulus against more than 20 interferences in a wide range of concentrations (0.01-100 mM), which offered an instructive platform for studying primordial life-like processes.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-jacs-Zhou" id="2023-jacs-Zhou"></a>Zhixin Zhou\*‡, Nina Lin‡, Yu Ouyang, Songqin Liu, Yuanjian Zhang\*, and Itamar Willner\*, "Cascaded, Feedback-Driven, and Spatially Localized Emergence of Constitutional Dynamic Networks Driven by Enzyme-Free Catalytic DNA Circuits", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 12617–12629. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.3c02083"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://www.x-mol.com/news/857188">x-mol -- **利用动态核酸分子网络构筑多信号协同响应的超灵敏分析和智能成像分析方法**</a> ]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-jacs-Zhou.webp" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>The enzyme-free catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) process is introduced as a functional reaction module for guided, high-throughput, emergence, and evolution of constitutional dynamic networks, CDNs, from a set of nucleic acids. The process is applied to assemble networks of variable complexities, functionalities, and spatial confinement, and the systems provide possible mechanistic pathways for the evolution of dynamic networks under prebiotic conditions. Subjecting a set of four or six structurally engineered hairpins to a promoter P1 leads to the CHA-guided emergence of a [2 × 2] CDN or the evolution of a [3 × 3] CDN, respectively. Reacting of a set of branched three-arm DNA-hairpin-functionalized junctions to the promoter strand activates the CHA-induced emergence of a three-dimensional (3D) CDN framework emulating native gene regulatory networks. In addition, activation of a two-layer CHA cascade circuit or a cross-catalytic CHA circuit and cascaded driving feedback-driven evolution of CDNs are demonstrated. Also, subjecting a four-hairpin-modified DNA tetrahedron nanostructure to an auxiliary promoter strand simulates the evolution of a dynamically equilibrated DNA tetrahedron-based CDN that undergoes secondary fueled dynamic reconfiguration. Finally, the effective permeation of DNA tetrahedron structures into cells is utilized to integrate the four-hairpin-functionalized tetrahedron reaction module into cells. The spatially localized miRNA-triggered CHA evolution and reconfiguration of CDNs allowed the logic-gated imaging of intracellular RNAs. Beyond the bioanalytical applications of the systems, the study introduces possible mechanistic pathways for the evolution of functional networks under prebiotic conditions.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-nc-hq" id="2023-nc-hq"></a>Qing Hong‡, Hong Yang‡, Yanfeng Fang, Wang Li, Caixia Zhu, Zhuang Wang, Sicheng Liang, Xuwen Cao, Zhixin Zhou, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu & Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Adaptable graphitic C6N6-based copper single-atom catalyst for intelligent biosensing", Nat. Commun. 2023, 14, 2780. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38459-9"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>[Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hk8GKUSC6UZkyNR-SQFe5g">研之成理</a>, <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/IkQaA5Nyp320tCgQP3sBGQ">x-mol</a> and <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bQfJ8qsWL0Rv5paWociM5Q">纳米酶</a> -- **基础功能和增益效应助力氮化碳自适应生物传感**]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-nc-hq.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Self-adaptability is highly envisioned for artificial devices such as robots with chemical noses. For this goal, seeking catalysts with multiple and modulable reaction pathways is promising but generally hampered by inconsistent reaction conditions and negative internal interferences. Herein, we report an adaptable graphitic C6N6-based copper single-atom catalyst. It drives the basic oxidation of peroxidase substrates by a bound copper-oxo pathway, and undertakes a second gain reaction triggered by light via a free hydroxyl radical pathway. Such multiformity of reactive oxygen-related intermediates for the same oxidation reaction makes the reaction conditions capable to be the same. Moreover, the unique topological structure of CuSAC6N6 along with the specialized donor-π-acceptor linker promotes intramolecular charge separation and migration, thus inhibiting negative interferences of the above two reaction pathways. As a result, a sound basic activity and a superb gain of up to 3.6 times under household lights are observed, superior to that of the controls, including peroxidase-like catalysts, photocatalysts, or their mixtures. CuSAC6N6 is further applied to a glucose biosensor, which can intelligently switch sensitivity and linear detection range in vitro.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-acie-cxw" id="2023-acie-cxw"></a>Xuwen Cao‡, Caixia Zhu‡, Qing Hong, Xinghua Chen, Kaiyuan Wang, Yanfei Shen\*, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Insights into Iron Leaching from an Ascorbate-Oxidase-like Fe–N–C Nanozyme and Oxygen Reduction Selectivity", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202302463 (**VIP paper**). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202302463"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/-o8qW66GUl7YHUT1EQZaAA">WileyChem</a>, <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4Zg11TG7LAZrey8ywgOCjQ">x-mol</a> and <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/6uhfgiud7HotVk3L3ov0EA">纳米酶 Nanozymes</a> -- **Fe-N-C类抗坏血酸氧化酶的催化机制**]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-acie-cxw.png" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Ascorbate (H2A) is a well-known antioxidant to protect cellular components from free radical damage, meanwhile it is also emerged as a pro-oxidant in cancer therapies. However, such “contradictory” mechanisms underlying H2A oxidation are not well understood. Herein, we report Fe leaching during catalytic H2A oxidation using an Fe-N-C nanozyme as a ferritin mimic and its influence on the selectivity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Owing to the heterogeneity, the Fe-Nx sites in Fe-N-C primarily catalyzed H2A oxidation and 4e− ORR via an iron-oxo intermediate. Nonetheless, trace O2•− produced by marginal N-C sites via 2e− ORR accumulated and attacked Fe-Nx sites, leading to the linear leakage of unstable Fe ions up to 420 ppb when the H2A concentration increased to 2 mM. As a result, a substantial fraction (~40%) of the N-C sites on Fe-N-C was activated, and a new 2+2e− ORR path was finally enabled, along with Fenton-type H2A oxidation. Consequently, after Fe ions diffused into the bulk solution, the ORR at the N-C sites stopped at H2O2 production, which was the origin of the pro-oxidant effect of H2A.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-ac-fyf" id="2023-ac-fyf"></a>Yanfeng Fang, Zhixin Zhou\*, Yuhua Hou, Chenchen Wang, Xuwen Cao, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Highly Efficient Wavelength-Resolved Electrochemiluminescence of Carbon Nitride Films for Ultrasensitive Multiplex MicroRNA Detection", Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 16, 6620–6628<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05740"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/aCqrzZn9pMQsQU5T4yVl9Q">[Highlighted by 分析人 -- **高效波长分辨电化学发光氮化碳薄膜用于超灵敏多重检测MicroRNAs**</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-ac-fyf.webp" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>The development of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters of different colors with high ECL efficiency (ΦECL) is appealing yet challenging for ultrasensitive multiplexed bioassays. Herein, we report the synthesis of highly efficient polymeric carbon nitride (CN) films with fine-tuned ECL emission from blue to green (410, 450, 470, and 525 nm) using the precursor crystallization method. More importantly, naked eye-observable and significantly enhanced ECL emission was achieved, and the cathodic ΦECL values were ca. 112, 394, 353, and 251 times those of the aqueous Ru(bpy)3Cl2/K2S2O8 reference. Mechanism studies showed that the density of surface-trapped electrons, the associated nonradiative decay pathways, and electron–hole recombination kinetics were crucial factors for the high ΦECL of CN. Based on high ΦECL and different colors of ECL emission, the wavelength-resolved multiplexing ECL biosensor was constructed to simultaneously detect miRNA-21 and miRNA-141 with superior low detection limits of 0.13 fM and 25.17 aM, respectively. This work provides a facile method to synthesize wavelength-resolved ECL emitters based on metal-free CN polymers with high ΦECL for multiplexed bioassays.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-cs-pxx" id="2023-cs-pxx"></a>Xiaoxiao Peng,‡ Jin Ma,‡ Zhixin Zhou, Hong Yang, Jingjing Chen, Ran Chen, Kaiqing Wu, Guangcheng Xi, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen\* and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Molecular Assembly of Carbon Nitride-Based Composite Membrane for Photocatalytic Sterilization and Wound Healing", Chem. Sci. 2023, 14, 4319-4327 (**HOT Article**). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC00642E"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href=" https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3KvAmurEBAIKkdG-gvx3xQ">Highlighted by x-mol "氮化碳第三代溶剂和创可贴应用"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-CS-pxx.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Polymeric carbon nitride (pCN) has attracted increasing interest as a metal-free photocatalyst because of its high efficiency in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. However, due to poor solubility, compounding pCN at the molecular level into more advanced nanocomposites remains a challenge. Herein, we report the dissolution of pCN in polyphosphoric acid (PPA) for the first time and fluid-phase assembly with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into a flexible free-standing membrane. Mechanism and generality studies disclosed the coordination of the acidity, viscosity, and adsorption energy of the solvents led to the successful dissolution of pCN. Interestingly, the pCN/CNTs molecular composite membrane exhibited not only superior mechanical properties and cycling performance as a result of strengthened π-π interfacial interaction, but also outstanding inactivation of E. coli and S. aureus in sterilization and wound healing for laboratory mice via photogenerated oxygen radicals. It would open a new era of pCN for biomedical applications in molecular composite membranes, beyond the traditional solar fuel applications in powders.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-ACIE-Wu" id="2023-ACIE-Wu"></a>Kaiqing Wu, Ran Chen, Zhixin Zhou, Xinghua Chen, Yanqin Lv, Jin Ma, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Elucidating Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Kinetics via Intermediates by Time-Dependent Electrochemiluminescence", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202217078 (**Hot Paper**)<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217078"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
[Highlighted by WileyChem<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/dCgzYVH9Ef-n7xA3PlTvRw">"时间依赖电化学发光助力从新视角审视氧还原动力学"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-ACIE-Wu.png" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Facile evaluation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics for massive electrocatalysts is critical for sustainable fuel cells development and industrial H2O2 production. Despite great success in ORR studies by mainstream strategies, such as membrane electrode assembly, rotation electrode technique and advanced surfacesensitive spectroscopy, the time and spatial distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) intermediates in the diffusion layer is still unknown. By time-dependent electrochemiluminescence (Td-ECL), here we report an intermediate-oriented methodology for ORR kinetics analysis. Thanks to multiple ultra-sensitive stoichiometric reactions between ROS and the ECL emitter, except for electron transfer numbers and rate constants, the potential-dependent time and spatial distribution of ROS was successfully obtained for the first time. Such uncovered exclusive information would guide electrocatalysts for fuel cells and H2O2 production with maximized activity and durability. This work would pave the exploration of not only the fundamentals of unambiguous ORR mechanism but also the durability of electrocatalysts for practical applications.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-AOM-Hou" id="2023-AOM-Hou"></a>Yuhua Hou‡, Yanfeng Fang‡, Zhixin Zhou, Qing Hong, Wang Li, Hong Yang, Kaiqing Wu, Yuan Xu, Xuwen Cao, Dan Han, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Growth of Robust Carbon Nitride Films by Double Crystallization with Exceptionally Boosted
Electrochemiluminescence for Visual DNA Detection", Adv. Optical Mater. 2023, 11, 2202737<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adom.202202737"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by Wiley Advanced Science News中国<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/6iQdVQvMRGX5Bx18ReTvjQ">"透明致密氮化碳膜助力超高灵敏电化学发光可视化传感"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2023-AOM-Hou.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Electrochemically generated chemiluminescence (ECL) has attracted significant interest over the past decades, ranging from fundamental studies on highly efficient electron-to-photon interconversion to practical bioassays. Nonetheless, the ECL efficiency (ΦECL) of most emitters is low, which significantly hampers further development. Herein, this work reports a highly robust carbon nitride film with unusually enhanced ECL efficiency (2256 times higher than that of the reference Ru(bpy)3Cl2/K2S2O8). Double crystallization, which provides the primary interaction of carbon nitride with the substrate and subsequent growth, plays a crucial role in the preparation. The improved ECL efficiency is ascribed to little pinholes suppressing futile co-reagent reduction, maintenance of more orbit-delocalized heptazine subunits improving ECL kinetics, and high transparency avoiding self-absorption. As a potential application, an ultrasensitive visual DNA biosensor by the naked eye is further successfully developed with a linear detection range of 100 pm to 1 µm and limit of detection of 27 pm (S/N=3).</blockquote>

<li><a name="2023-SNB-Wu" id="2023-SNB-Wu"></a>Kaiqing Wu, Jingjing Ji, Hong Yang, Zhixin Zhou, Ran Chen, Sicheng Liang, Wang Li, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Multifunctional semiconducting carbon nitrides enabling sequential fluorescent sensing of telomerase activity and internal self-checking", Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2023, 378, 133170<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2022.133170"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2023-SNB-Wu.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Improving the detection reliability of biosensors is essential but challenging. The dual-signal self-checking function is useful for the development of reliable biosensors; however, it inevitably increases the complexity of the sensing system. Thus, biosensors with intrinsic self-checking functions that do not require additional chemicals, specific sensor assemblies, and/or instruments are highly desirable. Herein, integrating the ability of fluorescence detection and photodegradation by carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNS), a biosensor with a self-checking function for sensitive telomerase activity detection was constructed. Acriflavine (AF) was screened from various dyes to form the most effective CNNS-AF donor-acceptor (D-A) interfaces by experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, considering spectral match, electrostatic interaction, and non-covalent stacking. As a result, the proposed fluorescence biosensor not only showed highly sensitive detection of telomerase activity but also had an internal self-checking function by photodegradation of AF via continuous excitation and measurement of recovered fluorescence. This study sheds light on CNNS-based D-A interfaces with synergistic fluorescence detection and photocatalysis-induced self-checking properties for future clinical diagnosis with high sensitivity and reliability.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2022BB-Liang" id="2022BB-Liang"></a>Sicheng Liang, Zhuang Wang, Zhixin Zhoua, Gaolin Liang\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Polymeric carbon nitride-based materials: Rising stars in bioimaging**", Biosens. Bioelectron. 2022, 211, 114370. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2022.114370"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2022BB-Liang.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Polymeric carbon nitrides (CN), due to their unique physicochemical properties, versatile surface functionalization, ultra-high surface area, and good biocompatibility, have attracted considerable interest in diverse biomedical applications, such as biosensors, drug delivery, bioimaging, and theranostics. In this review, the recent advances in bioimaging of CN-based nanomaterials are summarized according to the imaging modalities, including optical (fluorescence and Raman) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), computed tomography (CT), and multimodal imaging. The pros and cons of CN bioimaging are comprehensively analyzed and compared with those in previous reports. In the end, the prospects and challenges of their future bioimaging applications are outlooked.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2022-AC-Chen" id="2022-AC-Chen"></a>Ran Chen, Xin Wang, Kaiqing Wu, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Voltammetric Study and Modeling of the Electrochemical Oxidation Process and the Adsorption Effects of Luminol and Luminol Derivatives on Glassy Carbon Electrodes", Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 17625-17633<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04297"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by 分析人<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/PSrBOXw81OKov1B78fJG_w">"鲁米诺和鲁米诺衍生物在玻碳电极上的电化学氧化过程和吸附效应的伏安法研究和建模"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2022-AC-Chen.webp" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Luminol is one of the most widely used electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reagents, yet the detailed mechanism and kinetics of the electrochemical oxidation of luminol remain unclear. We propose a model that describes the electrochemical oxidation of luminol as multiple electron transfer reactions followed by an irreversible chemical reaction, and we applied a finite element method simulation to analyze the electron transfer kinetics in alkaline solutions. Although negligible at higher pH values, the adsorption of luminol on the glassy carbon electrode became noticeable in a solution with pH = 12. Additionally, various types of adsorption behaviors were observed for luminol derivatives and analogues, indicating that the molecular structure affected not only the oxidation but also the adsorption process. The adsorption effect was analyzed through a model with a Langmuir isotherm to show that the saturated surface concentration as well as the reaction kinetics increased with decreasing pH, suggesting a competition for the active sites between the molecule and OH–. Moreover, we show that the ECL intensity could be boosted through the adsorption effect by collecting the ECL intensity generated through the electrochemical oxidation of luminol and a luminol analogue, L012, in a solution with pH = 13. In contrast with luminol, a significant adsorption effect was observed for L012 at pH = 13, and the ECL intensity was enhanced by the adsorbed species, especially at higher scan rates. The magnitude of the enhancement of the ECL intensity matched well with the simulation using our model.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2022ACIE-Ma" id="2022ACIE-Ma"></a>Jin Ma, Xiaoxiao Peng, Zhixin Zhou, Hong Yang, Kaiqing Wu, Zhengzou Fang, Dan Han, Yanfeng Fang, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Extended Conjugation Refining Carbon Nitride for Non-sacrificial H2O2 Photosynthesis and Hypoxic Tumor Therapy", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61, e202210856 (VIP paper)<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202210856"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/tT3-Df-hy2pMfH7wAiViMw"> WileyChem</a>, <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/c8cUB2cY8x4lAajbbav6Hw">邃瞳科学云</a>"C5N2提高H2O2光合成选择性和活性用于肿瘤治疗"]
<img src="/usr/img/2022ACIE-Ma.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Strengthening delocalization of π-electrons by linkers downshifted the band position in a new carbon nitride that eliminated thermodynamically side photoreduction of H2 meanwhile promoted water oxidation kinetics. A competitive solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 0.55% for overall H2O2 production in normoxic condition and the highest activity in hypoxic condition (698 μM/h) were achieved, endowing a high-performance hypoxic tumor therapy.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2022ACS-Sens-Han" id="2022ACS-Sens-Han"></a>Dan Han, Hong Yang, Zhixin Zhou, Kaiqing Wu, Jin Ma, Yanfeng Fang, Qing Hong, Guangcheng Xi, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Photoelectron Storages in Functionalized Carbon Nitrides for Colorimetric Sensing of Oxygen", ACS Sensors 2022, 7, 2328–2337. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.2c00961"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2022ACS-Sens-Han.gif" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>**Colorimetric sensors have been widely used for centuries across diverse fields**, thanks to their easy operation and uncompromisingly high sensitivity with no need for electricity. However, it is still a great challenge for conventional chromogenic systems to perform multiple measurements meanwhile maintaining high robustness. Here, we reported that carbon nitrides (CNs), the raw materials that are abundant, structure-tunable, and stable semiconductors with photoelectron storage capability, can be developed as a chromogenic system for colorimetric sensors. Beyond conventional metal oxides that only demonstrated a single blue-color switch after photoelectron storage, CN exhibited a multicolor switch under identical conditions owing to the unusual multiple photoelectron storage pathways. Mechanism studies revealed cyano and carbonyl groups in CN crucially elongated the centroid distance of electrons/holes, which exclusively stabilized the specific excited states that have different light absorption; meanwhile, the counter cations strengthened these processes. As a result, O2, a proof-of-concept analyte, was quantitatively detected by the CN-derived colorimetric sensor, showing high reversibility in hundreds of cycles and adaptable sensitivity/detection range, outperforming most reported and commercial oxygen sensors. These intriguing features of CN are highly envisioned for the next generation of colorimetric sensors, especially in developing countries or fieldworks, to improve the detection reliability and lower the sensing cost.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2022AOM-Fang" id="2022AOM-Fang"></a>Yanfeng Fang, Yuhua Hou, Hong Yang, Ran Chen, Wang Li, Jin Ma, Dan Han, Xuwen Cao, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Elucidating Orbital Delocalization Effects on Boosting Electrochemiluminescence Efficiency of Carbon Nitrides", Adv. Optical Mater. 2022, 10, 2201017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202201017"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/EZidtQJ7eN871bM52H9t-g">Highlighted by Advanced Science News"轨道离域影响二维氮化碳电化学发光效率"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2022AOM-Fang.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Orbital delocalization, associated with the evolution of the complicated molecule during the thermal condensation of carbon nitrides, is disclosed as a unified and quantifiable intrinsic factor for their electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency. Moreover, a general approach for evaluating ECL kinetics was established, which excluded the inevitable dependency between ECL efficiency and photoluminescent quantum yield of luminophores.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2022AC-Zheng" id="2022AC-Zheng"></a>Yongjun Zheng, Hong Yang, Lufang Zhao, Yuhan Bai, Xinghua Chen, Kaiqing Wu, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Lighting Up Electrochemiluminescence-Inactive Dyes via Grafting Enabled by Intramolecular Resonance Energy Transfer", Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 3296–3302. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05235"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2022AC-Zheng.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>Most dyes with excellent photophysical properties are electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-inactive in aqueous solutions. A general way to light up ECL inactive dyes was reported by grafting, a well-developed concept for plant propagation since 500 BCE. It opens a promising way to address the scarcity of ECL emitters and bring unprecedented functions.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021njc-byh" id="2021njc-byh"></a>Yuhan Bai‡, Yongjun Zheng‡, Zhuang Wang, Qing Hong, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Metal-Doped Carbon Nitrides: Synthesis, Structure and Applications**", New J. Chem. 2021, 45, 11876-11892. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ02148F"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>[<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/gOqjBjw2ps265T-rLS9CzQ">RSC英国皇家化学会官微---东南大学张袁健团队高被引文: 金属掺杂氮化碳材料的制备, 结构和应用</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2021njc-byh.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Doping of metal is a common strategy to regulate the structure of carbon nitride materials at the molecular level. This perspective provides a comprehensive reference of the latest progress of M-CN, which would promote further developments, such as for single-atom catalysis and nanozymatic reactions.</blockquote>

<li> Zhuang Wang, Wei Wei, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Carbon Nitride–Based Biosensors**", Chapter 4, in Biochemical Sensors: Nanomaterial-Based Biosensing and Application (Edited by Prof. Huangxian Ju and Prof. Jinghong Li), World Scientific **2021**, DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/9789811238055_0004">10.1142/9789811238055_0004</a> <a href="/usr/img/Carbon-Nitride-Based-Biosensors-preprint.pdf"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"> PDF</a>
<blockquote>Polymeric carbon nitride (CN), as a kind of promising two-dimensional conjugated matter, exhibited outstanding photovoltaic effects. Recently, CN has also drawn increasing attention in constructing biosensors owing to its appealing properties such as responsiveness to visible light, facile synthesis from inexpensive raw materials with modulable electronic structures, remarkable thermal and physicochemical stability, abundant functional groups on the surface, and excellent photoelectrochemical features. This chapter introduces the synthesis as well as structure engineering of CN materials and further summarizes the advantages of CN in biosensing application. It is shown that plenty of efforts have been devoted to optimize the solubility, signal conversion efficiency, and active surfaces/sites that interact with biomolecules of CN materials, making CN more attractive for biosensing application. As a metal-free semiconductor with a narrow band gap, CN owns outstanding optical properties (photoluminescence and chemiluminescence) and the photoelectric conversion ability (electrochemiluminescence and photoelectrochemistry), which contributes to multiple signal output modes and various biosensors designing. Interestingly, beyond the conventional configurations and sensing mechanisms, a few very recent examples taking advantage of unique properties of CN are introduced in the last part in order to further outlook the bright future of CN materials in the field of biosensing.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021AC-hq" id="2021AC-hq"></a>Qing Hong, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Re-Examination of Plotting Analytical Response against Different Forms of Concentration**", Anal. Chem. 2021, 93, 11910–11914. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02683"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/E4zzD6xrerXBkUZfHXxUZA">[Highlighted by X-Mol -- **重新审视：工作曲线拟合采用线性还是对数？**</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2021AC-hq.gif" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>This perspective highlights the importance of examining the signal transformation mechanism before deciding to plot an analytical response against an appropriate form of concentration. Although sound in mathematical form and unprecedentedly successful in previous studies, the widely used linear and logarithmic fitting still have significant risks in concentration evaluation. Given the working principle of calibration curves, i.e., **utilizing a limited number of experimental data points to predict the full-scale unknown data points, a reliable fitting should follow the signal transformation mechanism rather than merely the data statistics**.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021angew-Zhou" id="2021angew-Zhou"></a>Qing Zhou, Hong Yang, Xinghua Chen, Yuan Xu, Dan Han, Sisi Zhou, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Cascaded Nanozyme system with High Reaction Selectivity by Substrate Screening and Channeling in a Microfluidic Device", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, 61, e202112453. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202112453"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [**级联限域反应提升纳米酶选择性和传感灵敏度**Highlighted by [**纳米酶公众号**](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/WbfwRTrzqovcdfhuHlvRBQ), [**WileyChem**](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qHV6McoUhLApHTCac3kRpA)]
<img src="/usr/img/2021angew-Zhou.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>By mimicking processes in livings, the reaction selectivity of nanozyme-system was enhanced by substrates screening and channeling. The emerging N-doped carbon nanocages and Prussian blue nanoparticles were cascaded as a proof of concept, improving the reaction selectivity in transforming products against interferences by 2000+ times. This general operation principle is also promising to integrate with other strategies to further boost the selectivity.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021cst-cxh" id="2021cst-cxh"></a>Xinghua Chen, Caixia Zhu, Yuan Xu, Kaiyuan Wang, Xuwen Cao, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Quantitative Evaluation of O2 Activation Half-Reaction for Fe-N-C in Oxidase-Like Activity Enhancement", Catal. Sci. Technol. 2021, 11, 7255-7259. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CY01537K"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by 纳米酶公众号: [**电化学量化评估O2还原半反应指导Fe-N-C类氧化酶活性的提高**](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ooctQH4vYu4tGB_mqXO5CQ)]
<img src="/usr/img/2021cst-cxh.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>The oxidase-like activity of high-performance Fe-N-C was enhanced up to 55 % by using a secondary N-containing precursor in pyrolysis. Moreover, the **exploration of the O2 activation half-reaction using electrochemical methods** was disclosed to be a practically facile approach to quantitatively evaluate the factors associated with the activity.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021chem-yh" id="2021chem-yh"></a>Hong Yang, Qing Zhou, Zhengzou Fang, Wang Li, Yongjun Zheng, Jin Ma, Zhuang Wang, Lufang Zhao, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Carbon Nitride of Five-Membered Rings with Low Optical Bandgap for Photoelectrochemical Biosensing", Chem 2021, 7, 2708–2721. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2021.06.010"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by X-mol: [**五元环氮化碳谱写光电生物传感新篇章**](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/uFgNhTbUuawgPWy_jyEFoA "五元环氮化碳谱写光电生物传感新篇章")]
<img src="/usr/img/2021chem-yh.jpg" alt="TOC image"> 
<blockquote>We propose a stable five-membered ring (FMR)-based carbon nitride and the kinetic-oriented synthesis method via a pre-stabilization strategy thanks to coordination interactions. The FMR topological structure and the associated dangling bonds in C3N2 were identified to be the origin for the remarkably narrowed the optical band down to unusually as low as 0.81 eV. Photoelectrochemical exploration further demonstrates the great potential of C3N2 in real-time, dynamic, and quantitative biosensing for practically non-transparent biosamples using near-infrared light irradiation.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021cs-cxh" id="2021cs-cxh"></a>Xinghua Chen, Lufang Zhao, Kaiqing Wu, Hong Yang, Qing Zhou, Yuan Xu, Yongjun Zheng, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Bound Oxygen-Atom Transfer Endowing Peroxidase-Mimic M-N-C with High Substrate Selectivity", Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 8865-8871. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D1SC02170B"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [**[2021 Chem Sci Pick of the Week](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/journals/articlecollectionlanding?sercode=sc&themeid=2b6ac669-d38b-4db4-b319-1a334830c9cb "2021 Chem Sci Pick of the Week")**] [see Preprint in <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.12337481.v1">ChemRxiv. **2020**</a>, highlight by **纳米酶 Nanozymes**：[**结合态氧原子转移赋予M-N-C类过氧化物酶底物选择性**](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/P02TwsPstKBwwDKThzutnQ "结合态氧原子转移赋予M-N-C类过氧化物酶底物选择性")]
<img src="/usr/img/2021cs-cxh.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<blockquote>The formation of bound oxygen intermediates (M=O) on M-N-C peroxidase-like nanozymes was disclosed to be the origin of the high substrate selectivity by both experiments and theoretical calculation. Learning principles from biology, this work highlights the great potential of biomimetic bound-intermediates in endow nanozymes with high reaction selectivity towards industrial reactions previously not accessible to biology.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2021nc-hcf" id="2021nc-hcf"></a>Chaofeng Huang‡, Yaping Wen‡, Jin Ma‡, Dandan Dong, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, Haibo Ma\* and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Unraveling Fundamental Active Units in Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic Oxidation Reactions", Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 320. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20521-5"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [Highlighted by <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Ng3ueJ5nE4ewTG6ivyF-Dw">X-MOL: **各骋所长：氮化碳光催化氧化的基本活性单元**</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2021nc-hcf.webp" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>The acquisition of critical roles of each molecular constituent in carbon nitrides for photocatalysis remains elusive. In this work, we synthesize carbon nitrides with distinguishable units and reveal the roles of the different units in light absorption and charge separation.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2020JoAT-cmy" id="2020JoAT-cmy"></a>Mengyuan Chen, Zhenqiang Ning, Kaiyang Chen, Yuanjian Zhang\*, Yanfei Shen\*, "**Recent Advances of Electrochemiluminescent System in Bioassay**", Journal of Analysis and Testing 2020, 4, 57–75. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s41664-020-00136-x"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>【<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/t77EHhJ70wb51gm2_reSwg">see also in 专刊论文推荐：电化学发光体系在生物分析中的最新进展</a>】
<img src="/usr/img/2020JoAT-cmy.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>In the review, we summarize the latest progress of new ECL biosensing systems, in particular of emerging luminophores, coreactants, and the involved mechanisms. Possible limitations and exciting future developments of the ECL biosensing are also complementarily discussed. It is highly envisioned that the review article would inspire more intriguing advances both in the fundamental research and more demanding practical applications of ECL for prospective biosensing.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2020CCS-Chem-zyy" id="2020CCS-Chem-zyy"></a>Yuye Zhang†, Yongxiu Song†, Yanfei Shen, Kaiyang Chen, Qing Zhou, Yanqin Lv, Hong Yang, Ensheng Xu, Songqin Liu, Lei Liu\* and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Water Molecules-Triggered Anisotropic Deformation of Carbon Nitride Nanoribbons Enabling Contactless Respiratory Inspection", CCS Chemistry 2021, 3, 1615–1625. <a href="https://doi.org/10.31635/ccschem.020.202000361"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [see also in <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11917800">ChemRxiv. Preprint</a>, Highlighted by <a href="https://www.x-mol.com/news/511602 ">**X-MOL: 水分子作用下氮化碳可逆扭曲与“肺动图”**</a></a]>]
<img src="/usr/img/2020CCS-Chem-zyy.jpg" alt="TOC image">
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<blockquote>The exploitation of the interaction between nanostructured matters and small molecules, such as H2O at interfaces via a dynamic hydrogen bonding, is essentially the key for smart, responsive nanodevices but remains challenging. Herein, we report that the carbon nitride nanoribbons (CNNRs) with an anisotropic intraplanar and interplanar molecular arrangement underwent a deformation by H2O triggering...
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2020ACIE-xy" id="2020ACIE-xy"></a>Yuan Xu, Jing Xue, Qing Zhou, Yongjun Zheng, Xinghua Chen, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "The Fe-N-C Nanozyme with Both Accelerated and Inhibited Biocatalytic Activities Capable of Accessing Drug-Drug Interaction", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 14498-14503 (**Hot Paper**). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202003949"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [see also in <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11888022">ChemRxiv. Preprint</a>, Highlighted by <a href="https://www.x-mol.com/news/456549">X-mol</a>, <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wLGssCEZw9Jb-kNgrHj4OA"> 纳米酶 Nanozymes</a>--**油门与刹车：Fe-N-C分子活性中心调控与药物相互作用研究**，<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/tJFFnUZCpi8ccX22JEdRwg">WileyChem</a>: **类酶分子活性中心调控Fe-N-C纳米酶催化与抑制效应**]
<img src="/usr/img/2020ACIE-xy.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>**Accelerator and Brake** of nanozyme are enabled by mimicking molecular structure of enzymes. Owing to the heme-like Fe-Nx molecular structure and variable interactions with different substrates, Fe-N-C nanozyme not only accelerates P450-like drug metabolization reactions but also demonstrates inhibition behaviors with mechanism similar to P450 upon co-existence of other food and drugs.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2020ACB-wjh" id="2020ACB-wjh"></a>Jianhai Wang, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Single 2D MXene Precursor-Derived TiO2 Nanosheets with a Uniform Decoration of Amorphous Carbon for Enhancing Photocatalytic Water Splitting", Appl. Cat. B: Environ. 2020, 118885. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.118885"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> [<a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1amRp3Id%7EswpcR">50 days' free access</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2020ACB-wjh.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>The stacked nanosheets with ordered structure inheriting from the 2D MXene and the uniform decoration of carbon layer jointly endowed a favorable electron-hole separation and transportation in TiO2 for the photocatalytic H2 evolution.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019AC-zq" id="2019AC-zq"></a>Qing Zhou‡, Guanghui Li‡, Kaiyang Chen, Hong Yang, Mengran Yang, Yuye Zhang, Yakun Wan\*, Yanfei Shen\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Simultaneous Unlocking Optoelectronic and Interfacial Properties of C60 for Ultrasensitive Immunosensing by Coupling to Metal−Organic Framework", Anal. Chem. 2020, 92, 983-990. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03915"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019AC-zq.gif" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>C60 has attracted fascinating interests in the field of photovoltaics. However, poor delocalization and accumulation of electrons in physiological aqueous solution system and the incompatible interface for effective conjugation of biomolecules limit C60 for bioassay. Here, it is simultaneously unlocked optoelectronic and interfacial properties of C60 by coupling to an electronically complementary porphyrin-derived metal-organic framework (MOF) with carboxyl-group terminals (PCN-224).
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019ACIE-ztt" id="2019ACIE-ztt"></a>Tingting Zhao, Qing Zhou, Yanqin Lv, Dan Han, Kaiqing Wu, Lufang Zhao, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Ultrafast Condensation of Carbon Nitride on Electrodes with Exceptional Boosted Both Photocurrent and Electrochemiluminescence", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 1139-1143. [<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzUxMDMzODg2Ng==&mid=2247521792&idx=3&sn=a9a64b9e010c1043d5e14e029a5944ac&source=41#wechat_redirect">Highlighted by 研之成理--"更快、更高、更强的氮化碳光电极"</a>] <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201911822"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019ACIE-ztt.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Ultrafast heating not only addressed the thermodynamic contradiction of precursor volatilization during polymerization but also led to strongly adhesive carbon nitride on electrodes with gradient C-rich texture, making charge separation and mobility greatly accelerated along with a remarkable photocurrent and a record cathodic electrochemiluminescence efficiency (ca. 7 times of benchmark Ru(bpy)3Cl2) in aqueous solution.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019CCL-gzy" id="2019CCL-gzy"></a> Ziyu Gan, Chao feng Huang, Yanfei Shen, Qing Zhou, Dan Han, Jin Ma, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Preparation of carbon nitride nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation method with high yield and enhanced photocatalytic activity", Chinese Chem. Lett. (中国化学快报) 2020, 31, 513-516<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2019.04.065"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019CCL-gzy.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Rapid preperation of carbon nitride nanoparticles (∼40 nm, yield of up to 50%) by nanoprecipitation
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019CCL-ndy" id="2019CCL-ndy"></a> Dongya Ni, Yuye Zhang\*, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Promoting condensation kinetics of polymeric carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalytic activities", Chinese Chem. Lett. (中国化学快报) 2020, 31, 115-118. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2019.04.068"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019CCL-ndy.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>An long-term overlooked condensation recipe: Faster ramping rate was even simpler than the conventional one, but led to an improved photocatalytic H2 evolution up to 3 times without any additional chemicals or other complements.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019cej-zlf" id="2019cej-zlf"></a> Lufang Zhao, Jingjing Ji, Yanfei Shen, Kaiqing Wu, Tingting Zhao, Hong Yang, Yanqin Lv, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Exfoliation and Sensitization of 2D Carbon Nitride for Photoelectrochemical Biosensing under Red Light", Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 15680– 15686 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201904076"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019cej-zlf.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Red-light PEC biosensor: The delicate π–π interaction between copper phthalocyanine and bulk carbon nitride not only led to the successful exfoliation of 2D nanosheets, but also resulted in an effective donor–acceptor interaction with much-improved photocurrent. As one of the very few successful red-light-responsive photoelectrochemical sensor systems, the final nanohybrid exhibited enhanced sensitivity and selectivity in biosensing applications under red-light irradiation.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019AFM-hd" id="2019AFM-hd"></a> Dan Han, Dongya Ni, Qing Zhou, Jingjing Ji, Yanqin Lv, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Harnessing Photoluminescent Properties of Carbon Nitride Nanosheets in a Hierarchical Matrix", Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 1905576. [<a href="https://www.materialsviewschina.com/2019/10/40689/">Highlighted by MaterialsViews China--"给氮化碳纳米片安一个固定的家"</a>]<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905576"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019AFM-hd.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>2D metal‐free carbon nitride (CN) has drawn worldwide interest, for example, in the field of optical sensing. However, previous efforts largely rely on CN dispersion in solutions, in which the long‐term dispersibility is challenging. Here, it is unlocked by introducing CN into a solid‐state hierarchical matrix, which not only maintains perpetual dispersibility but also exhibits superior performance in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon photoluminescent sensing.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019langmuir-wjh" id="2019langmuir-wjh"></a> Jianhai Wang, Qing Zhou, Yanfei Shen, Xinghua Chen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Carbon Nitride Co-Catalyst Activation Using N-doped Carbon with Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Evolution", Langmuir 2019, 35, 12366-12373<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01796"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019langmuir-wjh.png" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>We report the interface engineering of urea-derived bulk CN and Pt co-catalyst by using a small portion of N-doped carbon (N-C) as transition layer with a boosted photocatalytic activity up to 7 times. It was revealed that the activation energy of Pt co-catalyst for water reduction was lowered in the presence of N-C, and the intimate interaction between CN and N-C, ascribing to the similar elemental composition and crystal structure, promoted the efficient separation and migration of charge carriers.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019fc-jjj" id="2019fc-jjj"></a> Jingjing Ji, Lufang Zhao, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Covalent stabilization and functionalization of MXene via silylation reactions with improved surface properties", FlatChem. 2019, 17, 100128 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flatc.2019.100128"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"><a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1ZYv58jb7eHwIH">[Personalized Share Link]</a> </a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019fc-jjj.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>The silylation reagents improve the stability and introduce adjustable hydrophilicity to MXene.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2019CEJ-ymr" id="2019CEJ-ymr"></a> Mengran Yang, Hao Mei, Yanfei Shen, Kaiqing Wu, Deng Pan, Songqin Liu, Ting Zhang, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Hot‐Tailoring of Carbon Nitride Dots with Red‐Shifted Photoluminescence for Visual Double Text Encrypt and Bioimaging", Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 10188-10196 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201901748"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2019CEJ-ymr.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Carbon nitride dots with Red‐Shifted Photoluminescence: Chemical tailoring? No, Hot tailoring!
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018csr-zzx" id="2018csr-zzx"></a> Zhixin Zhou, Yuyue Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"**Molecular engineering of polymeric carbon nitride: advancing applications from photocatalysis to biosensing and more**", Chem. Soc. Rev. 2018, 47, 2298-2321 (Front Cover)<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7CS00840F"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
[<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/XU8meDdlJChG2lQEs5TJzQ">Highlighted by X-Mol-"分子结构设计推进石墨相氮化碳的新应用：从光催化到生物传感"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2018csr-zzx.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Different design and construction of molecular structure of carbon nitride for emerging applications, such as biosensing, are discussed.
</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018Carbon-mh" id="2018Carbon-mh"></a> Hao Mei, Mengran Yang, Yanfei Shen, Fei He, Zhixin Zhou, Xinghua Chen, Yiran Yang, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Non-Covalent Pre-Organization of Molecular Precursors: A facile Approach for Engineering Structures and Activities of Pyrolyzed Co-N-C Electrocatalysts", Carbon 2019, 144, 312-320. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.051"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2018Carbon-mh.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote> Preparation of M-N-C catalysts like LEGO® game: The efficient and low-cost platinum group metal (PGM)-free metal-nitrogen-carbon electrocatalysts (M-N-C) are potential alternatives for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in artificial energy conversion devices. However, the solid-state reactions of M/C/N-containing precursors at high temperature was rather complicated, making the engineering of carbonization processes of M-N-C catalysts challenging and less explored. Herein, we report a way to modulate the pyrolysis processes of M-N-C by pre-organization of the molecular precursors via a simple solvation, in which, the simultaneous hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions played an important roles. This work highlights the great potential of the pre-organization for the designing and selecting of precursors to engineer pyrolyzed M-N-C with higher electrocatalytic activities.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018ACAS-sgl" id="2018ACAS-sgl"></a> Li Shangguan, Yuanqing Wei, Kan Wang, Yuanjian Zhang\*, and Songqin Liu\*,"Highly sensitive fluorescent bioassay of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin based on abnormal expression of cytochrome P450 1A2 in human cells", Anal. Chim. Acta 2019, 1046, 179-184 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.006"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2018ACAS-sgl.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="2018CS-hcf" id="2018CS-hcf"></a> <img src="/usr/img/open_access_blue.png" width="11" height="17"> Chaofeng Huang†, Jing Wen†, Yanfei Shen, Fei He, Li Mi, Ziyu Gan, Jin Ma, Songqin Liu, Haibo Ma\*，Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Dissolution and Performing Homogeneous Photocatalysis of Polymeric Carbon Nitride", Chem. Sci. 2018, 9, 7912-7915 (Back Cover) <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C8SC03855D"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
[see also: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.6959627">ChemRxiv. Preprint. 2018, DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.6959627 </a>; <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/26uS8GUXEZr2SwDuQVucBQ">Highlighted by X-Mol-"有“溶”乃大：氮化碳首例均相催化"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2018CS-hcf-cover.jpg" alt="back cover image" style="border:1px solid gray">
<img src="/usr/img/2018CS-hcf.png" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote> Polymeric carbon nitride (CN) is a promising (photo)catalyst towards heterogeneous reactions and optoelectronic biosensing. By following prototype of enzymes, making all catalytic sites accessible via homogeneous routes is envisioned to maximize activities, but hindered by the poor solubility of CN. We report the unusual dissolution of CN in environmental-friendly methanesulfonic acid. The homogeneous CN showed 10-time boosted activity, meanwhile heterogeneous catalysts hallmark (facile separation and recycling) was kept. It opens new vista of CN in homogeneous catalysis and offers a successful example of polymeric catalysts in bridging homo/heterogeneous catalysis.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018AMI-hf" id="2018AMI-hf"></a> Fei He, Li Mi, Yanfei Shen, Toshiyuki Mori, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Fe-N-C Artificial Enzyme: Activation of Oxygen for Dehydrogenation and Monoxygenation of Organic Substrates under Mild Condition and Cancer Therapeutic Application", ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 35327–35333 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b15540"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
(see also: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.6427643">ChemRxiv. Preprint. 2018, DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.6427643</a>)
<img src="/usr/img/2018AMI-hf.gif" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote> Developing highly efficient artificial enzymes that directly employ O2 as terminal oxidant has long been pursued but has rarely achieved yet. We report Fe-N-C has unusual enzyme-like activity in both dehydrogenation and monoxygenation of organic substrates with ~100% selectivity by direct using O2.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018AS-zq" id="2018AS-zq"></a> Qing Zhou, Huaijia Xue, Yuye Zhang, Yanqin Lv, Hongguang Li, Songqin Liu, Yanfei Shen\*, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Metal-Free All-Carbon Nanohybrid for Ultra-Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Immunosensing of alpha-Fetoprotein", ACS Sens. 2018, 3, 1385–1391<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.8b00307"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2018AS-zq.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="2018AS-lyq" id="2018AS-lyq"></a> Yanqin Lv, Zhixin Zhou, Yanfei Shen, Qing Zhou, Jingjing Ji, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Coupled Fluorometer-Potentiostat System and Metal-Free Monochromatic Luminophores for High-Resolution Wavelength-Resolved Electrochemiluminescent Multiplex Bioassay", ACS Sens. 2018, 3, 1362–1367<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.8b00292"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2018AS-lyq.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>The sensitive simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers is critical for the early diagnosis of diseases. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) offers outstanding advantages, e.g., low background, over other optical sensing techniques. However, multiplexed ECL bioassay is hindered not only by the lack of generally available ECL spectrometers but also by the limited number of biocompatible monochromatic ECL luminophores for decades. Herein, we report addressing these issues by re-examination of the recent tabletop spectrofluorometer coupled potentiostat as a high-resolution ECL spectrum acquisition system and using carbon nitrides as monochromatic luminophores. A wavelength-resolved multiplexing ECL biosensor is demonstrated to simultaneously detect CA19-9 and mesothelin, two pancreatic cancer biomarkers, at a single-electrode interface. This work could initiate new opportunities for more general multiplex ECL biosensors with competitive performances.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018jacs-lyq" id="2018jacs-lyq"></a> Yanqin Lv, Shiyu Chen, Yanfei Shen, Jingjing Ji, Qing Zhou, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Competitive Multiple-Mechanism-Driven Electrochemiluminescent Detection of 8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 2801. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b00515"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
[<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/zwRNo6cXEgoCdFMP1nvFOg">Highlighted by X-Mol-"竞争机制驱动的电致化学发光策略检测8‑羟基脱氧鸟苷浓度"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2018jacs-lyq.png" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>Natural selection over billions of years has developed highly effective in vivo signal transduction that is often governed by a series of competitive multiple mechanisms. Several artificial signal transduction pathways have inspired nu-merous biosensing systems, however, most of these are driven by a single mechanism. Herein, we describe a multi-ple-mechanism-driven electrochemiluminescent (ECL) bio-sensor that utilizes competitive catalytic and steric hin-drance effects by assembling hemin/G-quadruplex on the carbon nitride nanosheets. Taking detecting 8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as example, the integrated dy-namic ranges of the detectable concentration from each mechanism were achieved in a single sensor interface. Moreover, the detection sensitivity was more precisely con-trolled by the competition between the two mechanisms, and inherently boosted, compared to that of the single mechanism-driven detection. Going beyond the conven-tional single mechanism-driven biosensing, the elaborately biomimetic coupling of multiple mechanisms in a single interface may open a new approach for future multiplexed biosensing.</blockquote>

<li><a name="2018ACS-AMI-csy" id="2018ACS-AMI-csy"></a> Shiyu Chen, Yanqin Lv, Yanfei Shen, Jingjing Ji, Qing Zhou, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Highly Sensitive and Quality Self-Testable Electrochemiluminescence Assay of DNA Methyltransferase Activity Using Multifunctional Sandwich-Assembled Carbon Nitride Nanosheets ", ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 6887. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b17813"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2018ACS-AMI-csy.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="2017ccl-cyl" id="2017ccl-cyl"></a> Yile Chen, Zhongshen Zhan, Jianhai Wang, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Solution-based processing of carbon nitride composite for boosted photocatalytic activities ", Chinese Chem. Lett. (中国化学快报) 2018, 29, 437. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2017.08.028"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> <a href="https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1WiZ63ZojphbTH">50 days' free access</a>
<img src="/usr/img/2017ccl-cyl.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="jacs2017-jjj" id="jacs2017-jjj"></a> Jingjing Ji, Jing Wen, Yanfei Shen, Yanqin Lv, Yile Chen, Songqin Liu, Haibo Ma, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Simultaneous Noncovalent Modification and Exfoliation of 2D Car-bon Nitride for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescent Biosensing ", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 11698–11701. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b06708"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
[<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bPk3SeHE70JMvU0jTealcA">Highlighted by X-Mol-"非共价修饰和剥离二维氮化碳提升电化学发光生物传感性能"</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/2017jacs-jjj.jpg" alt="TOC image">
<blockquote>As an emerging nitrogen-rich 2D carbon material, graphitic carbon nitride (CN) has drawn much attention ranging from photo-/electrocatalysts to biosensors. Interfacial modification of CN is of fundamental vital, but still is in infancy and challenging due to the low reactivity of CN. Herein, we report that via a π-π stacking interaction, bulk CN could be simultaneously exfoliated into via a facile mechanically grinding. The as-obtained CN nanosheets (m-CNNS) not only retained the pristine optoelectronic properties of bulk CN but also enriched a friendly interface for further coupling biomolecules with advanced properties, overcoming the deficiencies of CN in surface science. As a proof of concept, the m-CNNS were further covalently linked to a probe DNA, and the resultant electrochemiluminescent biosensor for the target DNA exhibited much enhanced sensitivity with respect to that by direct physical absorption of probe DNA on unmodified CNNS. This noncovalent exfoliation and interfacial modification would greatly expand the scope of potential applications of CN such as biosensing, and also be applicable to other 2D materials in interface modulation.</blockquote>

<li><a name="cej2017-cxh" id="cej2017-cxh"></a>Xinghua Chen, Fei He, Yanfei Shen, Yiran Yang, Hao Mei, Songqin Liu, Toshiyuki Mori, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Effect of Carbon Supports on Enhancing Mass Kinetic Current Density of Fe-N/C Electrocatalysts", Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 14597. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201703020"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/cej2017-cxh.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="cc2017-yyr" id="cc2017-yyr"></a>Yiran Yang, Fei He, Yanfei Shen, Xinghua Chen, Hao Mei, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"A Biomass Derived N/C-Catalyst for Electrochemical Production of Hydrogen Peroxide", Chem. Commun. 2017, 53, 9994-9997. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7CC04819J"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/cc2017-yyr.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="jmca2017-hf" id="jmca2017-hf"></a>Fei He, Li Mi, Yanfei Shen, Xinghua Chen, Yiran Yang, Hao Mei, Songqin Liu, Toshiyuki Mori, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Driving Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction and Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction by Enzyme-inspired Polymeric Cu(3, 3'-Diaminobenzidine) Catalyst ", J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 17413-17420 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7TA05183B"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/jmca2017-hf.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="CC2017-wjh" id="CC2017-wjh"></a> Jianhai Wang, Yile Chen, Yanfei Shen, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Coupling Polymorphic Nanostructured Carbon Nitrides into an Isotype Heterojunction with Boosted Photocatalytic H2 Evolution ", Chem. Commun. 2017, 53, 2978-2981. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7CC00356K"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/CC2017-wjh.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="CC2017-zzx" id="CC2017-zzx"></a> <img src="/usr/img/open_access_blue.png" width="11" height="17"> Zhixin Zhou, Fei He, Yanfei Shen, Xinghua Chen, Yiran Yang, Songqin Liu, Toshiyuki Mori,and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Coupling Multiphase-Fe and Hierarchical N-doped Graphitic Carbon as Trifunctional Electrocatalysts by Supramolecular Preorganization of Precursors", Chem. Commun. 2017, 53, 2044-2047. <img src="/usr/img/CCBY-NC.png" width="80" height="15"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6CC09442B"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"> Open Access</a>
<img src="/usr/img/CC2017-zzx.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="AC2016-zq" id="AC2016-zq"></a>Qing Zhou†, Guanghui Li†, Yuanjian Zhang, Min Zhu, Yakun Wan\*, and Yanfei Shen\*,"Highly Selective and Sensitive Electrochemical Immunoassay of Cry1C Using Nanobody and π–π Stacked Graphene Oxide/Thionine Assembly", Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 9830–9836. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02945"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/AC2016-zq.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="ACSNano2016-z" id="ACSNano2016-z"></a> Yuye Zhang, Zhixin Zhou, Yanfei Shen, Qing Zhou, Jianhai Wang, Anran Liu, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Reversible Assembly of Graphitic Carbon Nitride 3D Network for Highly Selective Dyes Absorption and Regeneration", ACS Nano 2016, 10, 9036–9043.<a href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwOTExNzg4Nw==&mid=2657568818&idx=5&sn=b395a4325c2624dfc8fcb291c5283d01&chksm=80f761e2b780e8f4802ba58af38be3367c79913b53e18c8446d527840200a065dc15aaa56188#rd">[Highlighted by X-MOL-"石墨相C3N4的化学剪裁：可逆自组装与选择性吸脱附应用"]</a><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b05488"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/ACSNano2016-z.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="ACSAM2016-l" id="ACSAM2016-l"></a> Shuang Lou, Zhixin Zhou, Yanfei Shen, Zongsheng Zhan, Jianhai Wang, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Comparison Study of the Photoelectrochemical Activity of Carbon Nitride with Different Photoelectrode Configurations", ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 22287–22294. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09699"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/ACSAM2016-l.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="CEJ2016-w" id="CEJ2016-w"></a><img src="/usr/img/open_access_blue.png" width="11" height="17">Jianhai Wang, Yanfei Shen, Ying Li, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Crystallinity Modulation of Layered Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities", Chem. Eur. J. 2016, 22, 12449–12454. <img src="/usr/img/CCBY-NC.png" width="80" height="15"> <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201602095"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"> Open Access</a>
<img src="/usr/img/CEJ2016-w.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="AC2016-Z" id="AC2016-Z"></a>Zhixin Zhou, Qiuwei Shang, Yanfei Shen, Linqun Zhang, Yuye Zhang, Yanqin Lv, Ying Li, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Chemically Modulated Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Highly Selective Electrochemiluminescent Detection of Multiple Metal-ions", Anal. Chem. 2016, 88 (11), 6004–6010. <a href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwOTExNzg4Nw==&mid=2657564693&idx=7&sn=cb30d04213effe4c885777e47879beac&chksm=80f711c5b78098d387300856e9b862765311e9a4b7713cb459562719557637e54124f768faea#rd">[Highlighted by X-MOL-"化学调控氮化碳纳米片及其应用于电致化学发光检测多种金属离子"]</a><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01062"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/AC2016-Z.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JMCA2016-H" id="JMCA2016-H"></a><img src="/usr/img/open_access_blue.png" width="11" height="17"> Fei He, Xinghua Chen, Yanfei Shen, Ying Li, Anran Liu, Songqin Liu, Toshiyuki Mori, and Yuanjian Zhang\*,"Ionic Liquid-Derived Fe−N/C Catalysts for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Without Any Supports, Templates, and Multi-Step of Pyrolysis", J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 6630 - 6638. <img src="/usr/img/CCBY-NC.png" width="80" height="15"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA00648E"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"> Open Access</a>
<img src="/usr/img/JMCA2016-H.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="ACSNano2015-z" id="ACSNano2015-z"></a>Zhixin Zhou, Yanfei Shen, Ying Li, Anran Liu, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Chemical Cleavage of Layered Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photoluminescent Performances and Photoconduction", ACS Nano 2015, 9, 12480–12487. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b05924"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/ACSNano2015-z.jpg" alt="TOC image" alt="g-C3N4 quantum dots (QDs),solid state devices">

<li><a name="ACSAM2015-s" id="ACSAM2015-s"></a>Qiuwei Shang,‡ Zhixin Zhou,‡ Yanfei Shen, Yuye Zhang, Ying Li, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Potential Modulated Electrochemiluminescence of Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Dual-Signal Sensing of Metal-ions", ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 23672–23678. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b07405"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/ACSAM2015-s.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="ACSAM2015-z" id="ACSAM2015-z"></a>Yuewu Zhao, Qiuwei Shang, Jiachao Yu, Yuanjian Zhang\* and Songqin Liu\*, "Nanostructured 2D Diporphyrin Honeycomb Film: Photoelectrochemistry, Photodegradation, and Antibacterial Activity", ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 11783-11791. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b03254"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/ACSAM2015-z.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="RSCADV2015-z" id="RSCADV2015-z"></a>Yuewu Zhao, Linqun Zhang, Wei Wei, Ying Li, Anran Liu, Yuanjian Zhang\* and Songqin Liu\*, "Effect of annealing temperature and element composition of titanium dioxide/graphene/hemin catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction", RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 82879-82886. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5RA15056F"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/RSCADV2015-z.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JMCA2015-z" id="JMCA2015-z"></a>Yang Zhao, Yuanjian Zhang\*, and Zoe Schnepp\*, "Soft and hard templating of graphitic carbon nitride", J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 14081–14092. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5TA02156A"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/JMCA2015-z.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JACS2015-z" id="JACS2015-z"></a>Zhixin Zhou, Jianhai Wang, Jiachao Yu, Yanfei Shen, Ying Li, Anran Liu, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Dissolution and Liquid Crystals Phase of 2D Polymeric Carbon Nitride", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137 (6), 2179–2182. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja512179x"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/JACS2015-z.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JMCA2015-w" id="JMCA2015-w"></a>Jianhai Wang, Cheng Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Zhixin Zhou, Jiachao Yu, Ying Li, Wei Wei, Songqin Liu, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Environment-Friendly Preparation of Porous
Graphite-Phase Polymeric Carbon Nitride Using Calcium Carbonate as Templates and Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Activity", J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 5126-5131. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4TA06778A"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/JMCA2015-w.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="AC2014-y" id="AC2014-y"></a>Jiachao Yu , Peicheng Luo , Chuanxian Xin , Xiaodong Cao, Yuanjian Zhang\* , and Songqin Liu\*, "Quantitative Evaluation of Biological Reaction Kinetics in Confined Nanospaces", Anal. Chem. 2014, 86, 8129–8135<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac501135u"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/AC2014-y.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JMCA2014-s" id="JMCA2014-s"></a>Hao Shi, Yanfei Shen, Fei He, Ying Li, Anran Liu, Songqin Liu and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "**Recent advances of doped carbon as non-precious catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction**", J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 15704-15716.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA02790F"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/JMCA2014-s.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JMCA2013-z" id="JMCA2013-z"></a> Zoë Schnepp,\* Yuanjian Zhang,\* Martin J. Hollamby, Brian R. Pauw, Masahiko Tanaka, Yoshitaka Matsushita and Yoshio Sakka, "Doped-Carbon Electrocatalysts with Trimodal Porosity from a Homogeneous Polypeptide Gel", J. Mater. Chem. A 2013,1, 13576. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA12996A"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a> 
See featured highlights by <a href="http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/latest/2013/10/03-Oct-13-New-jelly-substance-could-replace-platinum-in-fuel-cells.aspx">Birmingham University</a>, <a href="http://www.azonano.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=3649">azonano.com</a>, <a href="http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=32637.php">nanowerk.com</a>, <a href="http://www.mumbaimirror.com/others/sci-tech/Powering-future-cars-with-jelly/articleshow/23663063.cms">the Mumbai mirror</a>, <a href="http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2013/10/04/new-jelly-substance-could-replace-platinum-in-fuel-cells/">FuelCellsWorks</a>, <a href="http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2013/10/04/new-jelly-substance-could-replace-platinum-in-fuel-cells/">supergen fuel cells</a>, <a href="http://www.greencarcongress.com/2013/10/20131007-schnepp.html">green car congress</a> and <a href="http://phys.org/news/2013-10-jelly-substance-platinum-fuel-cells.html">phys.org</a>
<img src="/usr/img/JMCA2013-z.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="SP2013" id="SP2013"></a>Yuanjian Zhang,\* Zoë Schnepp,\* Junyu Cao, Shuxin Ouyang, Ying Li, Jinhua Ye, and Songqin Liu, "Biopolymer-Activated Graphitic Carbon Nitride towards a Sustainable Photocathode Material", Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 2163. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep02163"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/SP2013.jpg" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="JMCB2013-Zhou" id="JMCB2013-Zhou"></a>Zhixin Zhou, Wei Wei, Yuanjian Zhang\* and Songqin Liu\*, "DNA-responsive disassembly of AuNP aggregates: influence of nonbase-paired regions and colorimetric DNA detection by exonuclease III aided amplification", J. Mater. Chem. B 2013, 1, 2851. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TB20206B"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/JMCB2013-Zhou.gif" alt="TOC image">

<li><a name="SAM" id="SAM"></a> Yuanjian Zhang\*, Toshiyuki Mori, and Jinhua Ye, "**Polymeric Carbon Nitrides: Semiconducting Properties and Emerging Applications in Photocatalysis and Photoelectrochemical Energy Conversion**", Sci. Adv. Mater. 2012, 4, 282-291. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2012.1283"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/SAM.jpg" alt="Molecular structure of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)">

<li><a name="2012JMC" id="2012JMC"></a> Yuanjian Zhang\*, Keisuke Fugane, Toshiyuki Mori, Li Niu\*, and Jinhua Ye, "Wet Chemical Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene towards Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts without High-Temperature Pyrolysis", J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 6575-6580 (Back cover). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C2JM00044J"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2012JMC.jpg">
<img src="/usr/img/c2jm00044jCover.jpg">

<li><a name="EES" id="EES"></a> Yuanjian Zhang\*, Toshiyuki Mori, Li Niu\*, and Jinhua Ye, "Non-Covalent Doping of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Polymer with Graphene: Controlled Electronic Structure and Enhanced Optoelectronic Conversion", Energy & Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 4517 (Back cover). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C1EE01400E"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/EES.jpg"><img src="/usr/img/EESCover.jpg">

<li><a name="JACS2" id="JACS2"></a>Yuanjian Zhang\*, Toshiyuki Mori, Jinhua Ye, and Markus Antonietti, "Phosphorus-Doped Carbon Nitride Solid: Enhanced Electrical Conductivity and Photocurrent Generation", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010,132, 6294–6295. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja101749y" target="_blank"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"> </a>
<img src="/usr/img/JACS2.jpg">

<li><a name="CAJ" id="CAJ"></a> Yuanjian Zhang\*, and Markus Antonietti, "Photocurrent Generation by Polymeric Carbon Nitride Solids: an Initial Step towards a novel Photovoltaic System", Chem. Asia J. 2010, 5, 1307-1311 (Cover picture). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.200900685" target="_blank"> <img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"> </a>
<img src="/usr/img/C3N4_band_gap.png" alt="graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) band gap"><img src="/usr/img/CAJ_Cover_B.jpg">

<li><a name="CSSC" id="CSSC"></a> Yong Wang, Xinchen Wang, Markus Antonietti, and Yuanjian Zhang\*, "Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Nanoporous Carbon Nitride Solids using Soft Templates", ChemSusChem 2010, 3, 435-439. <a href="/usr/pdf/cssc2010.pdf" title="For personal communication only" target="_blank"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a><a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.200900284" target="_blank"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/CSSC.jpg">

<li><a name="JACS" id="JACS"></a>Yuanjian Zhang\*, Arne Thomas, Markus Antonietti, Xinchen Wang, "Activation of Carbon Nitride Solids by protonation: Morphology changes, Enhanced Ionic Conductivity and Photoconduction Experiments", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 50-51. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja808329f"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/2009JACS.jpg" alt="">

<li><a name="onwater" id="onwater"></a>Yanfei Shen, Yuanjian Zhang, Dongxue Han, Zhijuan Wang, Li Niu\* and Ari Ivaska, "Preparation of Colorless Ionic Liquids “on Water” for Spectroscopy", Talanta 2009, 78, 805-808.
<img src="/usr/img/onwater.jpg">

<li><a name="cpc" id="cpc"></a>Yanfei Shen, Yuanjian Zhang, Daniel Kuehner, Guifu Yang, Fuyu Yuan and Li Niu\*, "Ion-Responsive Behavior of Ionic-Liquid Surfactant Aggregates with Applications in Controlled Release and Emulsification", ChemPhysChem 2008, 9, 2198-2202. [<a href="http://www.natureasia.com/asia-materials/highlight.php?id=334" target="_blank">Highlighted by NPG Asia Materials</a>]
<img src="/usr/img/cpc.jpg">

<li><a name="cc" id="cc"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Daniel Kuehner, Shuixing Wu, Zhongmin Su, Shen Ye and Li Niu\*, "Directing Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Self-Assemble at Water/Oil Interface and Facilitate Electron Transfer", Chem. Commun. 2008, 4273-4275. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/B805789C"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/cc.jpg">

<li><a name="bb" id="bb"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Dongxue Han, Zhijuan Wang, Jixia Song, Fei Li and Li Niu\*, "Carbon Nanotube and Glucose Oxidase Bionanocomposite Bridged by Ionic Liquid-like Unit: Preparation and Electrochemical Properties", Biosens. Bioelectron. 2007, 23(3), 438-443. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2007.06.010"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/bb.png">

<li>Yanfei Shen, Yuanjian Zhang, Xuepeng Qiu, Haiquan Guo, Li Niu\* and Ari Ivaska, “Polyelectrolyte-functionalized ionic liquid for electrochemistry in supporting electrolyte-free aqueous solutions and application in amperometric flow injection analysis” Green Chem. 2007, 9, 746-753.
<img src="/usr/img/b616452h-ga.gif">

<li><a name="jmc" id="jmc"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Dongxue Han, Zhijuan Wang, Jixia Song and Li Niu\*, "Reinforcement of Silica with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes through Covalent Functionalization", J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16, 4592-4597. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/B612317A"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/b612317a-ga.gif">

<li><a name="angew" id="angew"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Junhua Yuan, Dongxue Han, Zhijuan Wang, Qixian Zhang and Li Niu\*, "Design and Synthesis of Multifunctional Materials Based on an Ionic-Liquid Backbone", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 5867-5870. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200600120"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/anie.200600120.gif">

<li>Yanfei Shen, Yuanjian Zhang, Qixain Zhang, Li Niu\*, Tianyan You and Ari Ivaska, "Immobilization of ionic liquid with polyelectrolyte as carrier", Chem. Commun. 2005, 4193-4195.
<img src="/usr/img/b507688a-ga.gif">

<li>Jinghong Li\*, Yanfei Shen, Yuanjian Zhang and Yang Liu, "Room-temperature ionic liquids as media to enhance the electrochemical stability of self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on gold electrodes", Chem. Commun. 2005, 360-362.
<img src="/usr/img/b412412j-ga.gif">

<li><a name="langmuir" id="langmuir"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yanfei Shen, Jinghong Li\*, Li Niu\*, Shaojun Dong and Ari Ivaska, "Electrochemical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes in large quantities at a room-temperature ionic liquid supported three-dimensional network electrode", Langmuir 2005, 21, 4797-4800. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/la050026+"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/SWNTs-IL.gif">

<li><a name="colloid1" id="colloid1"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yi Fan, Chunyan Sun, Dezhen Shen, Yajun Li and Jinghong Li\*, "Functionalized polydiacetylene-glycolipid vesicles interacted with Escherichia coli under the TiO2 colloid", Colloids Surf., B 2005, 40, 137-142. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2004.10.016"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>

<li>Yanfei Shen, Tian Wu, Yuanjian Zhang, Jinghong Li\*, "Comparison of two-typed (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane-based networks on Au substrates", Talanta 2005, 65, 481-488.

<li><a name="jpcb" id="jpcb"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Jun Li, Yanfei Shen, Meijia Wang and Jinghong Li\*, "Poly-L-lysine functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes", J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 15343-15346. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp0471094"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/jp0471094h00001.gif">

<li><a name="ECC" id="ECC"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Yi Wen, Yang Liu, Di Li and Jinghong Li\*, "Functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with Prussian blue", Electrochem. Commun. 2004, 6, 1180-1184. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2004.09.016"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/PB-CVs.gif">

<li> <a name="colloid2" id="colloid2"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Baoliang Ma, Yajun Li and Jinghong Li\*, "Enhanced affinochromism of polydiacetylene monolayer in response to bacteria by incorporating CdS nano-crystallites", Colloids Surf., B 2004, 35, 41-44. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2004.02.006"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>

<li><a name="tsf" id="tsf"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Ping He, Xiudong Xu and Jinghong Li\*, "Use of atomic force microscopy for imaging the initial stage of the nucleation of calcium phosphate in Langmuir-Blodgett films of stearic acid", Thin Solid Films 2004, 468, 273-279. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2004.06.153"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/HAp-AFM.gif">

<li><a name="cpl" id="cpl"></a>Yuanjian Zhang, Liheng Zhou, Di Li, Naicun Xue, Xiudong Xu and Jinghong Li\*, "Oriented nano-structured hydroxyapatite from the template", Chem. Phys. Lett. 2003, 376, 493-497. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01038-8"><img src="/usr/img/pdf.png" width="12" height="13"></a>
<img src="/usr/img/AAO-HAP.jpg">
</ol>